This report is an outcome of the third workshop, which was held during 7-11 July, 2003 in Birmingham, United Kingdom. The scholars and government officials of Korea and UK participated in the workshop and discussed the process of redevelopment projects, success-case study of regeneration programmes and the more developmental housing policies for the future.
The main purpose of the workshop was to figure out and present a more effective and realistic direction in re-housing policies for native residents in redevelopment areas, through the 3rd UK-Korea workshop.


■ Residential Improvement Projects in Korea

There have existed many housing redevelopment projects carried out in deteriorated housing areas of low-income households. Especially, Housing Redevelopment (HR) and Residential Environment Improvement (REI) Projects are representative development methods to improve poor residential environment of the low-income class in Korea. The former focuses on the retrieval of urban function and high utilization of land for the improvement of residential environment, while the latter tries to expand residential welfare of the low-income class and to improve urban environment.
Though these projects have been believed to improve housing quality and eventually support regional economy of the areas, both were regarded negatively due to the overcrowded estate of apartment housing, the lost function of social redevelopment, and insufficient connection with neighbourhood.
The first chapter provides the policy for qualitative improvement of urban residential environment based on analyzing the designation process of HR and REI projects. It suggests that more comprehensive standards of district designation should be established, that designation is needed to be conducted more objectively and that residents opinion should be reflected in the district designation.
Chapter 2 evaluates the REI project in terms of resettlement rate, and analyzes the causes of lowering resettlement. Relatively poor affordability of residents including tenants and lack of temporary housing during project period are apparent to be main reasons to lower resettle-down. In order to achieve the goal of REI, to improve the overall welfare of inhabitants, original residents with low income should be considered in the side of purchasing power, temporary or rehousing, and housing expenses. It is also necessary that community networks that help in keeping the communitys culture and sharing information should be continued and managed well.
Chapter 3 suggests future policy directions for better living conditions of low- income households. That is, the government plan in the future should not be another simple redevelopment of Moon Village, but an opportunity to find out practical redevelopment alternatives and to convert its direction to the combination of residential redevelopment and urban planning techniques. In the residents aspect, concrete architectural guidelines for what to do and how to proceed are needed. The guidelines allow residents to make their own decisions on the costs they must pay and the outcomes they receive from the programme. In the local and central governments aspect, the bottom lines of the programme are to preserve current site characteristics and to protect low-income households and tenants, creating relatively decent and affordable residential environment. In the institutional aspect of urban planning, enacting the Urban and Residential Environment Improvement Law is needed to implement a legal basis for systematic residential development by similar programmes and to maintain systematic residential structure.

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Foreword ii
Summary iv

Chapter 1. A Study on the Designation Process of Housing Development Project and Residential Environment Improvement Project in Korea

1. Introduction 1
2. Housing Redevelopment Project 2
3. Residential Environment Improvement Project 6
4. The Survey of HR and REI Project 9
5. Problems and Improvements of HR and REI project 14

Chapter 2. Resettlement Rates in Residential Environment Improvement Project: A Comparison between Site Improvement for Individual buildings VS. Multi-family Housing ConstructionResettlement Rates in Residential Environment Improvement Project: A Comparison between Site Improv

1. Introduction 19
2. Multi-family Housing Construction system (MHC)2. Multi-family Housing Construction system (MHC) 21
3. A Case study: Comparing Song-Hyun (MHC system) and Song-Rim/Hwa-Soo (SII system)3. A Case study: Comparing Song-Hyun (MHC system) and Song-Rim/Hwa-Soo (SII system) 25
4. Conclusion and policy implications 47

Chapter 3. An Assessment and Policy Directions for Residential Improvement Programme

1. Introduction 52
2. Legal Background and Accomplishment 54
3. Major Institutional Changes in REI Programme 59
4. Major Issues in REI and Future Policy Directions 66

Chapter 4. Identification and Assessment of Potential Clearance Areas

1. Introduction 76
2. The Formal Declaration Process 81
3. Effecting Clearance 84
4. Redevelopment 90
5. In Conclusion 92

Chapter 5. The Challenge of Rehousing

1. Introduction 93
2. Clearance-Core Principles 94
3. The study areas 97
4. Making clearance happen - the rehousing challenge. 101
5. Support from Officers 102
6. Housing solutions 103
7. Rehousing - Making it happen 106

Chapter 6. Castle Vale Housing Action Trust

1. Introduction 107
2. Castle Vale HAT 109
3. Vision and Aims of CVHAT 112
4. Performance result by 2003 113
5. Looking to the future 117

Chapter 7. City Living and New Urban Policy Challenges:The Implications of City Centre Housing Development in Englands Regional Cities

1. Introduction 118
2. City Centre Housing in England's Major Urban Areas - Background 119
3. City Living in Birmingham 122
4. Development trends and patterns 124
5. Characteristics of the new population 128
6. Issues and Limitations 131
7. Policy Gaps and the Need for a New Response 135
8. Institutional and Spatial Connections 138
9. Conclusion 140

Appendix 1 Housing regeneration area in Birmingham
Appendix 2 Characteristics of Birmingham
Appendix 3 Workshop programme